文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Li, Xingzheng ¹ ; Wang, Zihao ² ; Zhu, Min ² ; Wang, Binhu ¹ ; Teng, Shaohua ² ; Yan, Jing ² ; Wang, Haoyu ³ ; Yuan, Pengxiang ¹ ; Cao, Shuwei ² ; Qu, Xiaolu ¹ ; Wang, Zhen ¹ ; Zhan, Kai ⁴ ; Choudhury, Md. Panir ¹ ; Yang, Xintong ¹ ; Bao, Qi ¹ ; He, Sang ¹ ; Liu, Lei ¹ ; Zhao, Pengju ⁵ ; Jiang, Jicai ⁶ ; Xiang, Hai ⁷ ; Fang, Lingzhao ⁸ ; Tang, Zhonglin ¹ ; Liao, Yuying ¹⁰ ; Yi, Guoqiang ¹ ;

作者机构： 1.Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Agr Genom Inst Shenzhen, Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Lab Lingnan Modern Agr,Key Lab Livestock, Shenzhen 518124, Peoples R China

2.Guangxi Vocat Univ Agr, Anim Husb Res Inst, Nanning 530002, Peoples R China

3.Nanning Capitano Equestrian Club Co Ltd, Nanning 530000, Peoples R China

4.Anhui Acad Agr Sci, Inst Anim Husb & Vet Med, Anhui Prov Key Lab Livestock & Poultry Prod Safety, Hefei 230031, Peoples R China

5.Zhejiang Univ, Hainan Inst, Yongyou Ind Pk Yazhou Bay Scitech City, Sanya 572000, Peoples R China

6.North Carolina State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA

7.Foshan Univ, Sch Life Sci & Engn, Guangdong Prov Key Lab Anim Mol Design & Precise B, Foshan 528225, Peoples R China

8.Aarhus Univ, Ctr Quantitat Genet & Genom, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark

9.Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Kunpeng Inst Modern Agr Foshan, Agr Genom Inst Shenzhen, Foshan 528226, Peoples R China

10.Guangxi Vet Res Inst, Nanning 530001, Peoples R China

11.Bama Yao Autonomous Cty Rural Revitalizat Res Inst, Bama 547500, Peoples R China

关键词： body size; genome; pony; population genetics; regulatory elements

期刊名称：ADVANCED SCIENCE （ 影响因子：14.1； 五年影响因子：15.6 ）

ISSN：

年卷期： 2025 年 12 卷 16 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Horse domestication revolutionizes human civilization by transforming transportation, agriculture, and warfare patterns. Despite extensive studies on modern domestic horse origins, the intricate demographic history and genetic signatures underlying pony size remain unexplored. Here, a high-quality genome assembly of the Chinese Debao pony is presented, and 452 qualified individuals from 64 horse breeds worldwide are extensively analyzed. The authors' results reveal the conservation of ancient components in East Asian horses and close relationships between Asian horses and Western pony lineages. Genetic analyses suggest an Asian paternal origin for European pony breeds. These pony-sized horses share close genetic affinities, potentially attributed to their early expansion and adaptation to local environments. In addition, promising cis-regulatory elements influencing horse withers height by regulating genes such as RFLNA and FOXO1 are identified. Overall, this study provides insightful perspectives on the dispersal history and genetic determinants underlying body size in ponies, offering broader implications for horse population management and improvement.