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Genomic analyses of three Acanthus L. species provide insight into polyploidization-driven speciation and evolution

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Feng, Hui 1 ; Guo, Wuxia 2 ; Banerjee, Achyut Kumar 1 ; Hou, Zhuangwei 4 ; Peng, Hao 1 ; Zhao, Xuming 1 ; Yin, Minghui 1 ; Duan, Fuyuan 1 ; Huang, Yelin 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Sun Yat sen Univ, Innovat Ctr Evolutionary Synthet Biol, State Key Lab Biocontrol, Sch Life Sci,Guangdong Prov Key Lab Plant Stress B, Guangzhou 510275, Peoples R China

2.Zunyi Med Univ, Dept Bioengn, Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai 519041, Peoples R China

3.Azim Premji Univ, Sch Arts & Sci, Bhopal 462010, Madhya Pradesh, India

4.Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Agr Genom Inst Shenzhen, Guangdong Lab Lingnan Modern Agr,Shenzhen Branch, Key Lab Synthet Biol,Minist Agr & Rural Affairs, Shenzhen 518107, Peoples R China

关键词： mangrove; Acanthus; polyploidization; evolution; speciation

期刊名称：PLANT JOURNAL （ 影响因子：5.7； 五年影响因子：7.0 ）

ISSN： 0960-7412

年卷期： 2025 年 123 卷 2 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Allopolyploidy fundamentally influences plant evolution, yet the genomic dynamics of allotetraploidization remain incompletely understood. We investigated Acanthus tetraploideus (2n = 4x = 96), an ecologically significant allotetraploid true mangrove from Indo-West Pacific intertidal zones. Our prior integrative investigations indicate that A. tetraploideus originated through hybridization of the diploid species A. ilicifolius and A. ebracteatus with subsequent chromosome doubling. Here, we present complete chromosome-scale genome assemblies for all three species, representing the first genomic resources for true mangrove polyploid research. Our analysis reveals that the three species have experienced at least four rounds of polyploidization events, with the most recent, approximately 53 mya, possibly an Acanthus-specific event. The allotetraploid A. tetraploideus, which emerged between 1.5 and 2.2 mya, has A. ebracteatus as its maternal progenitor and A. ilicifolius as its paternal one. Through a comprehensive genomic comparison and analysis of homoeologous gene expression, we propose a gradual evolutionary trajectory for allotetraploidy in A. tetraploideus. Despite the allotetraploidization event dating back to around 2 mya, A. tetraploideus retains a high degree of colinearity with its ancestral genomes, with the majority (76.2%) of duplicated genes retained and no significant sub-genome bias in gene expression. Furthermore, we have identified positive selection in specific genes that may facilitate the adaptation of Acanthus mangrove species to their intertidal habitats. These findings establish A. tetraploideus as a model for studying allopolyploid evolution while providing new insights into mangrove speciation processes.

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