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Four critical epitopes of the nucleocapsid protein contribute to serological cross-reactivity between porcine epidemic diarrhea virus and porcine deltacoronavirus

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Wang, Dongsheng 1 ; Yu, Ruiming 1 ; Zhang, Liping 1 ; Zhang, Zhongwang 1 ; Zhou, Peng 1 ; Liu, Xia 3 ; Guo, Huichen 1 ; Pan, Li 1 ; Du, Xiaohua 3 ; Liu, Xinsheng 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Lanzhou Univ, Chinese Acad Agr Sci, State Key Lab Anim Dis Control & Prevent, Lanzhou Vet Res Inst,Coll Vet Med, Lanzhou 730046, Peoples R China

2.Gansu Prov Res Ctr Basic Disciplines Pathogen Biol, Lanzhou 730046, Peoples R China

3.Gansu Agr Univ, Coll Vet Med, Lanzhou 730070, Peoples R China

关键词： PDCoV; PEDV; Serology; Antigenic cross-reactivity; Crucial epitopes

期刊名称：VIROLOGY （ 影响因子：2.4； 五年影响因子：2.5 ）

ISSN： 0042-6822

年卷期： 2025 年 610 卷

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) and porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) coronaviruses cause highly similar histopathological damage and clinical symptoms, and often appear as mixed infections in clinic, leading to great economic losses in the pig industry. Previous studies have demonstrated a certain degree of serological cross-reactivity between PDCoV and PEDV. However, the antigens and crucial epitopes contributing to serological cross-reactivity remain unclear. In this study, the specific viral antigen and crucial epitopes leading to serological cross-reactivity between PDCoV and PEDV were investigated. The nucleocapsid (N) protein was the contributing viral antigen. Truncation and mutation of the PDCoV N protein revealed that the region for serological cross-reactivity was located in the N-terminal domain. The crucial epitopes were amino acid aa19-62, aa79-91, aa102-196, and aa285-342. In addition, these crucial epitopes were highly homologous between the N proteins of PDCoV and other coronaviruses, suggesting that these sites may be the crucial epitopes inducing serological cross-reactivity between different coronaviruses. Moreover, an indirect ELISA capable of specifically differentiating PDCoV and PEDV sera was established by virtue of the C-terminal-truncated portion of N protein, which had low serological cross-reactivity. In conclusion, the main antigen and crucial epitopes leading to serological cross-reactivity between PDCoV and PEDV were identified. The specific ELISA created in this study provided important clues and effective methods for subsequent establishment of the diagnostic methods for PDCoV and PEDV, as well as effective differentiation between them in clinical practice.

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