Ammonia and greenhouse gas emissions from co-composting of dead hens with manure as affected byforced aeration rate
文献类型: 会议论文
第一作者: Dong Hongmin
作者: Dong Hongmin 1 ; Zhu Zhiping 1 ; Xi Jialin 1 ; Xin Hongwei 2 ;
作者机构: 1.Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
2.Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Iowa State University
关键词: NH_3;Greenhouse gas;Dead hens;Aeration rate;Composting
会议名称: Annual International Meeting of the American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers
主办单位:
页码: 5765-5775
摘要: The effect of ventilation rate (VR) on ammonia (NH3) and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from composting piles of dead hens mixed with hen manure was quantified by measuring the gaseous concentrations and airflow rate through the compost bins. Three VRlevels of 0.9, 0.7 and 0.5 mVhr/bin (equivalent to the air exchanges per hour of 0.9, 0.7 and 0.5) were evaluated, each with three replicates. The compost piles were turned once (on day 58) during the 11-wk composting period. Gaseous concentrations of the inlet and exhaust air of the compost bins were measured using a multi-gas infrared photoacoustic analyzer coupled with a multi-channel sampler; VR was measured with a flow meter; and the emission rate (ER) of each gas was computed from the VR and thegas concentration. Decomposition of the carcass over the 11-wk composting period was found to be greater than 88%, as assessed by the reduction in carcass mass. NH3 ER was relatively stablewhen the compost pile was at high temperatures (-60 °C. Sharp increase in carbon dioxide(CO_2), methane (CH_4) and nitrous oxide (N_2O) emissions occurred quickly after construction of the compost pile. VR was found to significantly affect NH_3, CO_2 and CH_4 emissions (p<0.05). Specifically, cumulative emissions per kg of initial co-compost matter for the three VRof 0.9, 0.7and0.5m~3/hr/bin were, respectively, 2.4, 2.0and 1.2gNH_3; 78,66and42g CO_2; 120, 90 and 52 mg CH_4; and 6.4, 6.1 and 5.1 mg N_2O. Hence, the study results suggest that the rate of forced aeration can be adjusted to reduce NH_3 and GHG emissions from animal mortality compositing.
分类号: S-532
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