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Environmental impact of Bt cotton: a case study from China

文献类型： 会议论文

第一作者： Kongming Wu

作者： Kongming Wu 1 ; Gemei Liang; Yongjun Zhang; Guirong Wang; Yuyuan Guo; International Society for Biosafety Ressarch; Peking University; Ministry of Science & Technology(MOST);;

作者机构： 1.Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100094, China

关键词： Bt transgenic cotton;helicoverpa armigera;environmental impact;biodiversity;resistance management

会议名称： 7th International Symposium on the Biosafety of Genetically Modified Organisms(ISBGMO 2002)

主办单位：

页码： 134-142

摘要： A series of studies on ecological safety of Bt cotton have been conducted since 1995, which include efficacy of Bt cotton against Helicoverpa armigera, impacts on non-target insects and arthropod biodiversity, baseline for H. armigera resistance to Bt cotton and its resistance monitoring, mechanisms of H. armigera resistance to Bt cotton, evaluation of natural refugia function, and the biology of H. armigera in relation to resistance evolution. The present results indicated that the use of Bt cotton in production agriculture of northern China is presenting the advantages of reducing the use of chemical insecticides for control of two key insect pests, H. armigera and cotton aphid. This is resulting in increased the biodiversity of arthropod, decreased environmental pollution and in lower cost for insect control in cotton. Additionally, by reducing the area sprayed with insecticides and the frequency of sprays, the rate of insecticide resistance evolution is decreasing. However, although field populations of cotton bollworm are still susceptible to Bt cotton after several year commercialization, the studies for risk evaluation of the pest to Bt cotton in both the laboratory and field shows that the large-scale use of Bt cotton is likely to cause evolution of Bt toxin resistance from the pest. A crop-planting system consisted of wheat, Bt cotton, soybean (or peanut) and corn which could supply natural refugia for different generations of H. armigera, is suggested to use as a low risk crop-planting mode to delay evolution speed for the pest resistance to Bt cotton.

分类号： Q78

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