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Auxin regulates leaf senescence and nitrogen assimilation to promote grain filling in maize (Zea mays L.)

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Jiang, Na 1 ; Wang, Peng 3 ; Yang, Zhiqi 1 ; Li, Changwei 1 ; Xia, Yixiang 1 ; Rong, Xiangmin 1 ; Han, Yongliang 1 ; Yang, Lan 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Hunan Agr Univ, Coll Resources, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China

2.Natl Engn Res Ctr Efficient Utilizat Soil & Fertil, Changsha, Peoples R China

3.Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Tobacco Res Inst, Key Lab Tobacco Biol & Proc, Minist Agr & Rural Affairs, Qingdao 266101, Peoples R China

关键词： Auxin; Maize; Grain filling; Nitrogen assimilation; Leaf senescence

期刊名称：FIELD CROPS RESEARCH （ 影响因子：6.4； 五年影响因子：6.6 ）

ISSN： 0378-4290

年卷期： 2025 年 323 卷

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Context: Leaf senescence is the final stage of leaf development, which is often accompanied by nitrogen remobilization. And also, leaf senescence can be modulated by auxin. Objective: The objective was to advance in the knowledge of the auxin-mediated mechanisms of leaf senescence and nitrogen assimilation that regulated grain yield. Methods: Using maize variety Zhengdan 958 (ZD958) as material, a two-year field experiment was conducted to assess the leaf senescence and nitrogen assimilation-related physiological process regulated by Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) (H2O, 0.1 mmol/L NAA) and nitrogen levels (N0: No N application, N240: Normal N). Results: The results showed that NAA significantly increased grain yield under low N conditions, which increased by 55.0 % in 2022 and 29.7 % in 2023, respectively. Auxin promotes grain filling mainly by extending the duration of filling days and increasing the average filling rate. In addition, auxin reduced nitrogen output from leaves, and significantly increased nitrogen accumulation in other organs. The total N accumulation of auxin treatment was increased by 34.7 % under low N condition, and increased by 17.5 % under normal N condition. Furthermore, NAA significantly increased the activities of NR (Nitrate Reductase), GS (Glutamine Synthetase) and GOGAT (Glutamate synthase), thus promoting the nitrogen assimilation ability of leaves. Conversely, auxin application reduced the content of abscisic acid and ethylene, increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes, and decreased the expression of senescence-related genes. This delayed leaf senescence, which was conducive to extending the grain-filling duration and the accumulation of grain starch and protein, subsequently improved the maize yield. Conclusions: Auxin increased nitrogen assimilation ability and delayed leaf senescence, increase protein and carbohydrate accumulation in the grain, and thus increased the maize yield by 9.3 % and 42.4 %, under normal and nitrogen-deficiency condition. Implications: This study highlights the impact of externally auxin application on N assimilation and senescence and its regulatory function in grain development.

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