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Chromosome-level Genomes Reveal the Genetic Basis of Descending Dysploidy and Sex Determination in Morus Plants

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Xia, Zhongqiang 1 ; Dai, Xuelei 2 ; Fan, Wei 1 ; Liu, Changying 3 ; Zhang, Meirong 1 ; Bian, Peipei 1 ; Zhou, Yuping 1 ; Li, Liang 1 ; Zhu, Baozhong 1 ; Liu, Shuman 1 ; Li, Zhengang 4 ; Wang, Xiling 5 ; Yu, Maode 5 ; Xiang, Zhonghuai 1 ; Jiang, Yu 2 ; Zhao, Aichun 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Southwest Univ, Inst Sericulture & Syst Biol, State Key Lab Silkworm Genome Biol, Chongqing 400716, Peoples R China

2.Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Key Lab Anim Genet Breeding & Reprod Shaanxi Prov, Yangling 712100, Peoples R China

3.Chengdu Univ, Key Lab Coarse Cereal Proc, Minist Agr & Rural Affairs, Chengdu 610106, Peoples R China

4.Yunnan Acad Agr Sci, Sericultural & Apicultural Res Inst, Mengzi 661100, Peoples R China

5.Southwest Univ, Coll Sericulture Text & Biomass Sci, Chongqing 400716, Peoples R China

关键词： Mulberry; Karyotype evolution; Dioecy; Sex determination; Population genomics

期刊名称：GENOMICS PROTEOMICS & BIOINFORMATICS （ 影响因子：9.5； 五年影响因子：10.1 ）

ISSN： 1672-0229

年卷期： 2022 年 20 卷 6 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Multiple plant lineages have independently evolved sex chromosomes and variable kary-otypes to maintain their sessile lifestyles through constant biological innovation. Morus notabilis, a dioecious mulberry species, has the fewest chromosomes among Morus spp., but the genetic basis of sex determination and karyotype evolution in this species has not been identified. In this study, three high-quality genome assemblies were generated for Morus spp. [including dioecious M. notabilis (male and female) and Morus yunnanensis (female)] with genome sizes of 301-329 Mb and were grouped into six pseudochromosomes. Using a combination of genomic approaches, we found that the putative ancestral karyotype of Morus species was close to 14 protochromosomes, and that sev-eral chromosome fusion events resulted in descending dysploidy (2n = 2x = 12). We also charac-terized a -6.2-Mb sex-determining region on chromosome 3. Four potential male-specific genes, a partially duplicated DNA helicase gene (named MSDH) and three Ty3_Gypsy long terminal repeat retrotransposons (named MSTG1/2/3), were identified in the Y-linked area and considered to be strong candidate genes for sex determination or differentiation. Population genomic analysis showed that Guangdong accessions in China were genetically similar to Japanese accessions of mul-berry. In addition, genomic areas containing selective sweeps that distinguish domesticated mul-berry from wild populations in terms of flowering and disease resistance were identified. Our study provides an important genetic resource for sex identification research and molecular breeding in mulberry.

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