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A gain-of-function mutation at the C-terminus of FT-D1 promotes heading by interacting with 14-3-3A and FDL6 in wheat

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Li, Yuting 1 ; Xiong, Hongchun 1 ; Guo, Huijun 1 ; Xie, Yongdun 1 ; Zhao, Linshu 1 ; Gu, Jiayu 1 ; Li, Huiyuan 1 ; Zhao, Shirong 1 ; Ding, Yuping 1 ; Zhou, Chunyun 1 ; Fang, Zhengwu 2 ; Liu, Luxiang 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Chinese Acad Agr Sci, CAEA Res & Dev Ctr Nucl Technol Applicat Irradiat, Inst Crop Sci, State Key Lab Crop Gene Resources & Breeding,Natl, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China

2.Yangtze Univ, Coll Agr, MARA Key Lab Sustainable Crop Prod Middle Reaches, Jingzhou 434025, Peoples R China

关键词： wheat; FT-D1; heading date; plant height; FAC; ELF5

期刊名称：PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL （ 影响因子：10.5； 五年影响因子：12.4 ）

ISSN： 1467-7644

年卷期： 2025 年 23 卷 1 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Vernalization and photoperiod pathways converging at FT1 control the transition to flowering in wheat. Here, we identified a gain-of-function mutation in FT-D1 that results in earlier heading date (HD), and shorter plant height and spike length in the gamma ray-induced eh1 wheat mutant. Knockout of the wild-type and overexpression of the mutated FT-D1 indicate that both alleles are functional to affect HD and plant height. Protein interaction assays demonstrated that the frameshift mutation in FT-D1(eh1) exon 3 led to gain-of-function interactions with 14-3-3A and FDL6, thereby enabling the formation of florigen activation complex (FAC) and consequently activating a flowering-related transcriptomic programme. This mutation did not affect FT-D1(eh1) interactions with TaNaKR5 or TaFTIP7, both of which could modulate HD, potentially via mediating FT-D1 translocation to the shoot apical meristem. Furthermore, the 'Segment B' external loop is essential for FT-D1 interaction with FDL6, while residue Y85 is required for interactions with TaNaKR5 and TaFTIP7. Finally, the flowering regulatory hub gene, ELF5, was identified as the FT-D1 regulatory target. This study illustrates FT-D1 function in determining wheat HD with a suite of interaction partners and provides genetic resources for tuning HD in elite wheat lines.

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