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Machine learning algorithms realized soil stoichiometry prediction and its driver identification in intensive agroecosystems across a north-south transect of eastern China

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Xu, Xintong 1 ; Xiao, Chao 3 ; Dong, Yubing 1 ; Zhan, Liping 1 ; Bi, Ruiyu 1 ; Song, Mengxin 1 ; Pan, Jun 5 ; Xiong, Zhengqin 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Nanjing Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm Sci, Jiangsu Key Lab Low Carbon Agr & GHGs Mitigat, Nanjing 210095, Peoples R China

2.Nat Resources Inst Finland LUKE, Dept Agr Sci, Helsinki 00790, Finland

3.Northwest Agr & Forestry Univ, Key Lab Agr Soil & Water Engn Arid & Semiarid Area, Minist Educ, Yangling 712100, Peoples R China

4.Jiangsu Acad Agr Sci, Huaiyin Inst Agr Sci Xuhuai Reg, Huaian 223001, Peoples R China

5.Beijing Forestry Univ, Sch Ecol & Nat Conservat, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China

关键词： Machine learning; Prediction performance; Nutrient stoichiometry; Climate zones; Feature importance assessment

期刊名称：SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT （ 影响因子：9.8； 五年影响因子：9.6 ）

ISSN： 0048-9697

年卷期： 2024 年 906 卷

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Soil carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) are required components to maintain ecosystem structure, function, and services. Accurate soil nutrient stoichiometry assessments are crucial for precisely managing agricultural and natural ecosystems. However, direct measurement and evaluation of soil characteristics can be costly and time-consuming. The development of statistical and machine learning-based methods for predicting soil C:N:P stoichiometry and microbial dynamics is of great significance. The objective of this study is to compare the performance of four machine learning models, i.e., support vector machine, random forest, extreme gradient boosting, and gradient boosting decision tree, in predicting soil C:N:P stoichiometry and net N mineralization rate and to evaluate their applicability to different agricultural land use types and climate zones. Our results showed that extreme gradient boosting (average R-2 > 0.81, RMSE <16.39, RPD > 2.67) and gradient boosting decision tree (average R-2 > 0.77, RMSE <16.40, RPD > 2.32) models performed the best in predicting C:N:P stoichiometry, demonstrating high accuracy and stability. Machine learning models produced higher accuracy in the vegetable field (except for C:N) than in the rice paddy field with average accuracy improvement of 42.9 %. The prediction performance in warm temperate and subtropical regions was inferior to cold regions. Feature importance assessment suggests that electrical conductivity, total N, and water-filled pore space may have significant predictive roles in the rice paddy field, while mean annual precipitation, total P, and silt content could be important factors in the vegetable field. When predicting the net N mineralization rate, soil texture may emerge as a crucial factor in the rice paddy field, whereas moisture content may play a key role in the vegetable field. Thus, machine learning models can be recommended to predict soil C:N:P stoichiometry and net N mineralization rate for precise agricultural practices.

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