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Hordeum I genome unlocks adaptive evolution and genetic potential for crop improvement

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Feng, Hao 1 ; Du, Qingwei 1 ; Jiang, Ying 1 ; Jia, Yong 2 ; He, Tianhua 2 ; Wang, Yibin 3 ; Chapman, Brett 2 ; Yu, Jiaxin 3 ; Zhang, Haiwen 1 ; Gu, Mengxue 1 ; Jiang, Mengwei 3 ; Gao, Shanshan 1 ; Zhang, Xinjie 1 ; Song, Yameng 1 ; Garg, Vanika 4 ; Varshney, Rajeev K. 4 ; Wei, Jianhua 1 ; Li, Chengdao 2 ; Zhang, Xingtan 3 ; Li, Ruifen 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Beijing Acad Agr & Forestry Sci, Inst Biotechnol, Beijing Key Lab Agr Genet Resources & Biotechnol, Beijing, Peoples R China

2.Murdoch Univ, Coll Sci Hlth Engn & Educ, Western Crop Genet Alliance the State Agr Biotechn, Murdoch, WA, Australia

3.Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Agr Genom Inst Shenzhen, Shenzhen Branch, Natl Key Lab Trop Crop Breeding,Guangdong Lab Ling, Shenzhen, Peoples R China

4.Murdoch Univ, Food Futures Inst, Ctr Crop & Food Innovat, WA State Agr Biotechnol Ctr, Murdoch, WA, Australia

5.Dept Primary Ind & Reg Dev, South Perth, WA, Australia

期刊名称：NATURE PLANTS （ 影响因子：13.6； 五年影响因子：17.0 ）

ISSN： 2055-026X

年卷期： 2025 年 11 卷 3 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Crop wild relatives (CWRs) are invaluable for crop improvement. Among these, Hordeum I-genome species exhibit exceptional tolerance to alkali and salt stresses. Here we present a chromosome-scale genome assembly of Hordeum brevisubulatum (II, 2n = 2x =14) and genome resequencing of 38 diploid germplasms spanning 7 I-genome species. We reveal that the adaptive evolution of the H. brevisubulatum genome is shaped by structural variations, some of which may contribute to its adaptation to high alkali and salt environments. Evolutionary duplication of the stress sensor-responder module CaBP-NRT2 and the horizontally transferred fungal gene Fhb7 were identified as novel alkaline-saline tolerance mechanisms. We also demonstrate the potential of the Hordeum I genome in crop breeding through the newly synthesized hexaploid Tritordeum (AABBII) with enhanced alkaline-saline tolerance. Our study fills critical gaps in Hordeum genomics and CWR research, advancing introgression of CWR resources into current crops for sustainable agriculture.

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