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Identification of saponin composition and their geographical distribution in Chinese cultivated soybean (Glycine max)

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Takahashi, Y. 1 ; Li, X. H. 1 ; Qiu, L. J. 1 ; Tsukamoto, C. 2 ; Wang, K. J. 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Crop Sci, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China

2.Iwate Univ, Fac Agr, Morioka, Iwate 0208550, Japan

关键词： Soybean saponin;Soybean origin;Geographical distribution;Glycine max (L.) Merrill

期刊名称：EUPHYTICA （ 影响因子：1.895； 五年影响因子：2.181 ）

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收录情况： SCI

摘要： A total of 2959 Chinese cultivated soybeans were examined for saponin composition by thin-layer chromatography. Thirteen components were distinguished as five groups, group A (Aa, Ab, Ax, Ad, Ae and Af), DDMP (alpha g and beta g), group B (Ba), group alpha (H-alpha g, I-alpha g and K-alpha g), and group beta (KA-alpha g). The detected composition included four common phenotypes (Aa, Ab, AaBc, AbBc) and five new types (Aa beta(KA), Ab alpha(H), Aa alpha(I), Ab alpha(I), and Ab alpha(K)). The group alpha components and group beta were first found in cultivated soybeans. The frequencies of the Sg-1(a) and Sg-1(b) alleles for Xyl and Glc at the C-22 terminal sugar were 39.3 and 60.7%, respectively, and the Sg-4 gene for Ara at the second sugar of C-3 was rare (0.07%). The frequency distribution in botanical characters indicated that the Sg-1 locus was related to soybean evolution and ecotypes; small seed, prostrate stem, black seed-coat, indefinite growth, broad-leaved shape, low-oil content, and spring-sowing types accumulated relatively higher frequencies of Sg-1(a) allele. The frequency of Sg-1(a) allele was regionally higher (>60%) along the Yellow River valley. Integrating archaeological documents, the frequency distribution of Sg-1(a) allele and the occurrence of group alpha in soybeans with a relatively higher frequency in the northwest, a single area of origin for soybeans is proposed as the middle and lower reaches of the Wei River valley, i.e., the middle-upper reaches of the Yellow River valley in China. Group a components in soybeans are safe for humans because these saponins have been ingested for several 1000 years in China.

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