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Enhancing Wheat Above-Ground Biomass Estimation Using UAV RGB Images and Machine Learning: Multi-Feature Combinations, Flight Height, and Algorithm Implications

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Zhai, Weiguang 1 ; Li, Changchun 2 ; Cheng, Qian 1 ; Mao, Bohan 1 ; Li, Zongpeng 1 ; Li, Yafeng 1 ; Ding, Fan 1 ; Qin, Siqing 1 ; Fei, Shuaipeng 5 ; Chen, Zhen 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Farmland Irrigat, Xinxiang 453002, Peoples R China

2.Henan Polytech Univ, Sch Surveying & Land Informat Engn, Jiaozuo 454003, Peoples R China

3.Minist Agr & Rural Affairs, Key Lab Water Saving Irrigat Engn, Xinxiang 453002, Peoples R China

4.Key Lab Water Saving Agr Henan Prov, Xinxiang 453002, Peoples R China

5.China Agr Univ, Coll Land Sci & Technol, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China

关键词： above-ground biomass; unmanned aerial vehicle; flight height; wheat; machine learning

期刊名称：REMOTE SENSING （ 影响因子：5.0； 五年影响因子：5.6 ）

ISSN：

年卷期： 2023 年 15 卷 14 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Above-ground biomass (AGB) serves as an indicator of crop growth status, and acquiring timely AGB information is crucial for estimating crop yield and determining appropriate water and fertilizer inputs. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) equipped with RGB cameras offer an affordable and practical solution for efficiently obtaining crop AGB. However, traditional vegetation indices (VIs) alone are insufficient in capturing crop canopy structure, leading to poor estimation accuracy. Moreover, different flight heights and machine learning algorithms can impact estimation accuracy. Therefore, this study aims to enhance wheat AGB estimation accuracy by combining VIs, crop height, and texture features while investigating the influence of flight height and machine learning algorithms on estimation. During the heading and grain-filling stages of wheat, wheat AGB data and UAV RGB images were collected at flight heights of 30 m, 60 m, and 90 m. Machine learning algorithms, including Random Forest Regression (RFR), Gradient Boosting Regression Trees (GBRT), Ridge Regression (RR), Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (Lasso) and Support Vector Regression (SVR), were utilized to construct wheat AGB estimation models. The research findings are as follows: (1) Estimation accuracy using VIs alone is relatively low, with R-2 values ranging from 0.519 to 0.695. However, combining VIs with crop height and texture features improves estimation accuracy, with R-2 values reaching 0.845 to 0.852. (2) Estimation accuracy gradually decreases with increasing flight height, resulting in R-2 values of 0.519-0.852, 0.438-0.837, and 0.445-0.827 for flight heights of 30 m, 60 m, and 90 m, respectively. (3) The choice of machine learning algorithm significantly influences estimation accuracy, with RFR outperforming other machine learnings. In conclusion, UAV RGB images contain valuable crop canopy information, and effectively utilizing this information in conjunction with machine learning algorithms enables accurate wheat AGB estimation, providing a new approach for precision agriculture management using UAV remote sensing technology.

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