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Designing a smallpox B-cell and T-cell multi-epitope subunit vaccine using a comprehensive immunoinformatics approach

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Yu, Changqing 1 ; Wu, Qi 1 ; Xin, Jiuqing 1 ; Yu, Qiujuan 3 ; Ma, Zhixin 1 ; Xue, Mengzhou 4 ; Xu, Qingyuan 1 ; Zheng, Chunfu 5 ;

作者机构： 1.Chinese Acad Agr Sci, State Key Lab Anim Dis Control & Prevent, Harbin Vet Res Inst, Harbin, Peoples R China

2.Yibin Vocat & Tech Coll, Engn Ctr Agr Biosafety Assessment & Biotechnol, Sch Adv Agr Sci, Yibin, Peoples R China

3.First Peoples Hosp Mudanjiang, Dept Dermatol, Mudanjiang, Peoples R China

4.Zhengzhou Univ, Dept Cerebrovasc Dis, Affiliated Hosp 2, Zhengzhou, Peoples R China

5.Univ Calgary, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Infect Dis, Calgary, AB, Canada

关键词： smallpox; variola virus; vaccine design; multi-epitopes vaccine

期刊名称：MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM （ 影响因子：3.7； 五年影响因子：5.9 ）

ISSN： 2165-0497

年卷期： 2024 年

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Smallpox is a highly contagious human disease caused by the variola virus. Although the disease was eliminated in 1979 due to its highly contagious nature and historical pathogenicity, with a mortality rate of up to 30%, this virus is an important candidate for biological weapons. Currently, vaccines are the critical measures to prevent this virus infection and spread. In this study, we designed a peptide vaccine using immunoinformatics tools, which have the potential to activate human immunity against variola virus infection efficiently. The design of peptides derives from vaccine-candidate proteins showing protective potential in vaccinia WR strains. Potential non-toxic and nonallergenic T-cell and B-cell binding and cytokine-inducing epitopes were then screened through a priority prediction using special linkers to connect B-cell epitopes and T-cell epitopes, and an appropriate adjuvant was added to the vaccine construction to enhance the immunogenicity of the peptide vaccine. The 3D structure display, docking, and free energy calculation analysis indicate that the binding affinity between the vaccine peptide and Toll-like receptor 3 is high, and the vaccine receptor complex is highly stable. Notably, the vaccine we designed is obtained from the protective protein of the vaccinia and combined with preventive measures to avoid side effects. This vaccine is highly likely to produce an effective and safe immune response against the variola virus infection in the body.IMPORTANCE In this work, we designed a vaccine with a cluster of multiple T-cell/B-cell epitopes, which should be effective in inducing systematic immune responses against variola virus infection. Besides, this work also provides a reference in vaccine design for preventing monkeypox virus infection, which is currently prevalent. In this work, we designed a vaccine with a cluster of multiple T-cell/B-cell epitopes, which should be effective in inducing systematic immune responses against variola virus infection. Besides, this work also provides a reference in vaccine design for preventing monkeypox virus infection, which is currently prevalent.

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