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Health risk assessment of hexachlorocyclohexane in soil, water and plants in the agricultural area of Potohar region, Punjab, Pakistan

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Ara, Talat 1 ; Nisa, Waqar-Un 2 ; Aziz, Rukhsanda 1 ; Rafiq, Muhammad Tariq 2 ; Gill, Rafaqat Ali 3 ; Hayat, Malik 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Int Islamic Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan

2.Int Univ, Ctr Interdisciplinary Res Basic Sci, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan

3.Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Oil Crops Res Inst, Wuhan 430062, Peoples R China

4.COMSATS Univ Islamabad, Dept Environm Sci, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, Pakistan

关键词： Hexachlorocyclohexane; Agricultural soil; Water; Plants; Health risk; Potohar

期刊名称：ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH （ 影响因子：4.609； 五年影响因子：4.677 ）

ISSN： 0269-4042

年卷期：

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： In this study analysis of soil, water and plant residue samples is presented to evaluate the contamination levels and possible health risks. Hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) is a persistent organic pollutant used as a pesticide in agricultural sector for pest control in order to obtain higher productivity. For analysis soil, water and crop residue samples were collected from different agricultural areas of the northern Punjab region of Pakistan. The investigation of the samples shows significant levels of HCH residues in all types of samples. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis was used to assess the higher residue levels of HCH in the samples. The concentration of HCH residues detected in samples ranged from 2.43 to 8.88 mu g/g in soil, nd -5.87 mu g/l in water and nd - 4.87 mu g/g in plants. The presence of HCH residues in soil, water and plant samples was beyond the recommended quality guidelines. Human health risk was evaluated for cancer and non-cancer risks through dietary and non-dietary exposure routes. The hazard index was HI > 1 in children and HI < 1 in adults, while the non-dietary incremental lifetime cancer risks (ILCR) were beyond the internationally acceptable limit of 1 x 10(-5). Hence, results of the present investigation concluded the presence of high levels of HCH residues in samples and pose high health risk to the inhabitants. These findings are alarming and apprise the concerned departments for the remediation of contamination and proper implementation of environmental laws in the area. Graphic abstract

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