An oral recombinant human type 5 adenovirus vector vaccine encoding the S protein of Type I feline coronavirus effectively protection against FCoV challenge in cats
文献类型： 外文期刊
作者： Deng, Gu-nan 1 ; Xie, Chang-zhan 2 ; Zhou, Ke-lei 3 ; He, Chun-sai 1 ; Ma, Yuan-Zhen 1 ; Ake, A. -jia 1 ; Guo, Rui 1 ; Li, Kai 2 ; Peng, Chen 4 ; Zhang, Bin 1 ;
作者机构： 1.Southwest Minzu Univ, Coll Anim & Vet Sci, Chengdu 610041, Peoples R China
2.Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Urban Agr, Chengdu Natl Agr Sci & Technol Ctr, Chengdu 610041, Peoples R China
3.Agr & Rural Bur Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Liangshan 615000, Peoples R China
4.China Agr Univ, Coll Vet Med, Natl Key Lab Vet Publ Hlth & Safety, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China
5.Minist Educ & Sichuan Prov Qinghai Tibetan Plateau, Key Lab, Chengdu 610041, Peoples R China
关键词： Oral immunization; Human adenovirus serotype 5; Vaccine; S protein
期刊名称：VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY （ 影响因子：2.7； 五年影响因子：2.9 ）
ISSN： 0378-1135
年卷期： 2025 年 306 卷
页码：
收录情况： SCI
摘要： Feline coronavirus (FCoV) poses a significant threat to the lives of cats, and there is currently no commercial vaccines available. In the present study, a vaccine was developed using a human type 5 adenovirus vector to express the FCoV-I S protein (rAd5-FCoV-S) to induce the immunogenicity of rAd5-FCoV-S through oral and intramuscular immunization in mice and cats. Both vaccination methods stimulated a higher IgG antibody response. However, oral vaccination led to a significantly higher SIgA antibody level, which was 4.8 times and 2.4 times greater than that induced by intramuscular vaccination in mice and cats, respectively, with the highest level reaching 1:128. In addition, oral vaccination increased the count of IFN-gamma-producing and IL-4-producing splenocytes in mice, effectively boosting cellular immune responses. Challenge protection experiments in cats showed that oral vaccination with rAd5-FCoV-S provided 100 % protection compared to a survival rate of only 33 % for unvaccinated cats. Compared to the PBS group, oral rAd5-FCoV-S administration substantially decreased the FCoV viral load within the feces, rectal tissues, and colon tissues of cats. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and immunohistochemical analysis of rectal and colonic tissues revealed that cats in the oral group exhibited minimal intestinal damage, whereas PBS cats presented significant inflammatory cell infiltration and shedding of intestinal epithelial cells. These findings demonstrate that oral administration of rAd5-FCoV-S induces a robust humoral immune response and a strong cell-mediated immune response in cats, thereby conferring immunity against FCoV infection.
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