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No significant influence of biochar and manure application on nitrogen fate and sequestration by tomato and garlic crops: A field experiment in California, USA

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Gao, Suduan 1 ; Duan, Yinghua 1 ; Wang, Dong 1 ; Turini, Thomas 3 ;

作者机构： 1.USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Water Management Res, 9611 South Riverbend Ave, Parlier, CA 93648 USA

2.Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Agr Resources & Reg Planning, Beijing, Peoples R China

3.Univ Calif Cooperat Extens, UCNAR, Fresno Cty, CA USA

关键词： ammonia volatilization; N requirement; nitrate leaching; nitrogen distribution in plant; soil organic carbon; soil total N

期刊名称：SOIL USE AND MANAGEMENT （ 影响因子：2.95； 五年影响因子：3.109 ）

ISSN： 0266-0032

年卷期：

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Organic soil amendments can improve soil health but their role in improving N management has not been well quantified. The objectives of this research were to evaluate the influence of biochar and manure compost application on crop yield, N uptake, changes in soil and environmental losses and to use the information to assess the N requirement and project fertilization needs. A field experiment was conducted in California, USA, with processing tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) grown first, followed by garlic (Allium sativum). The soil was a sandy loam with a pH of 7.2 and CEC of 9.1 cmol(+) kg(-1). Treatments included two biochar products, derived from almond shell or softwood feedstocks, applied at 20 or 40 tonnes (t) ha(-1), dairy manure compost at 20 t ha(-1), combinations of the manure and the biochar (each at 20 t ha(-1)), and a control. Although biochar and manure applications improved the surface soil organic C and total N content, no significant effects on crop yield, biomass and N uptake, as well as ammonia volatilization and leaching loss, were observed. The amount of N sequestered by plants ranged from 3.2 to 3.8 and 9.9 to 10.0 kg N Mg-1 to produce fresh tomato fruits and garlic bulbs, respectively. However, about half of the N for tomato and 93% for garlic plants were removed from soil by harvesting. The N sequestered per unit biomass (or yield) production appears a stable parameter, which can be used to reliably project fertilization needs that target high NUE and minimal loss to the environment.

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