Long-term fertilization increases soil organic carbon and alters its chemical composition in three wheat-maize cropping sites across central and south China
文献类型: 外文期刊
第一作者: He, Y. T.
作者: He, Y. T.;Xu, M. G.;Zhang, W. J.;He, Y. T.;He, X. H.;He, X. H.;Yang, X. Y.;Huang, S. M.
作者机构:
关键词: NMR;SOC complexity index;SOC decomposition index
期刊名称:SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH ( 影响因子:5.374; 五年影响因子:6.368 )
ISSN: 0167-1987
年卷期: 2018 年 177 卷
页码:
收录情况: SCI
摘要: Soil organic carbon (SOC) is at the core of soil fertility. Although fertilization strategies can alter SOC stocks, their effects on SOC chemical composition is less known. Using the solid-state C-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, we examined changes in the SOC chemical composition of three soils (0-20 cm depth) from an annual wheat-maize double-cropping system across central to south China. These soils had been subjected to 22 years (1990-2012) long-term fertilization. Compared with no-fertilization control, SOC stocks were significantly increased under chemical fertilization (NPK), NPK plus straw (NPKS), and NPK plus manure (NPKM). The O-alkyl C (labile C), not the alkyl C (persistent C), was consistently increased across the three fertilized treatments. Additionally, all fertilized treatments decreased the ratio of alkyl-C/O-alkyl-C (SOC decomposition index) or aliphatic-C/aromatic-C (SOC complexity index), indicating that the SOC decomposition was delayed, or SOC was converted into a more complicated structure. The soil C of NMR-determined functional groups (alkyl C, O-alkyl C, aromatic C, and carbonyl C) was positively correlated with the cumulative C input (P < 0.05). The conversion rate of functional groups was highest in O-alkyl C, indicating a largest contribution to the increase of SOC accumulation. Soil C:N ratio, pH, and clay were the main factors affecting the functional-group conversion rates, whereas annual precipitation, temperature, and accumulated temperature (> 10 degrees C) played smaller roles. In conclusion, these results can be applied to the improvement of agricultural soil C sequestration capacity through changing SOC chemical structure under long-term fertilizer managements.
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