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Emerging Hypervirulent Marek's Disease Virus Variants Significantly Overcome Protection Conferred by Commercial Vaccines

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Liu, Jin-Ling 1 ; Teng, Man 1 ; Zheng, Lu-Ping 1 ; Zhu, Feng-Xia 4 ; Ma, Shu-Xue 5 ; Li, Lin-Yan 1 ; Zhang, Zhi-Hui 1 ; Chai, Shu-Jun 1 ; Yao, Yongxiu 7 ; Luo, Jun 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Henan Acad Agr Sci, Key Lab Anim Immunol, Minist Agr & Rural Affairs China, Zhengzhou 450002, Peoples R China

2.Henan Acad Agr Sci, Henan Prov Key Lab Anim Immunol, Zhengzhou 450002, Peoples R China

3.Henan Acad Agr Sci, UK China Ctr Excellence Res Avian Dis, Zhengzhou 450002, Peoples R China

4.Zhumadian Ctr Anim Dis Control & Prevent, Zhumadian 463000, Peoples R China

5.Suiping Ctr Anim Dis Control & Prevent, Zhumadian 463100, Peoples R China

6.Henan Univ Sci & Technol, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Luoyang 471003, Peoples R China

7.Pirbright Inst, Ash Rd, Guildford GU24 0NF, Surrey, England

8.UK China Ctr Excellence Res Avian Dis, Ash Rd, Guildford GU24 0NF, Surrey, England

关键词： Marek's disease; MDV; pathogenicity; oncogenicity; vaccine; protection indices

期刊名称：VIRUSES-BASEL （ 影响因子：4.7； 五年影响因子：4.8 ）

ISSN：

年卷期： 2023 年 15 卷 7 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： As one of the most important avian immunosuppressive and neoplastic diseases, Marek's disease (MD), caused by oncogenic Marek's disease virus (MDV), has caused huge economic losses worldwide over the past five decades. In recent years, MD outbreaks have occurred frequently in MD-vaccinated chicken flocks, but the key pathogenic determinants and influencing factors remain unclear. Herein, we analyzed the pathogenicity of seven newly isolated MDV strains from tumor-bearing chickens in China and found that all of them were pathogenic to chicken hosts, among which four MDV isolates, SDCW01, HNXZ05, HNSQ05 and HNSQ01, were considered to be hypervirulent MDV (HV-MDV) strains. At 73 days of the virus infection experiment, the cumulative incidences of MD were 100%, 93.3%, 90% and 100%, with mortalities of 83.3%, 73.3%, 60% and 86.7%, respectively, for the four viruses. The gross occurrences of tumors were 50%, 33.3%, 30% and 63.3%, respectively, accompanied by significant hepatosplenomegaly and serious atrophy of the immune organs. Furthermore, the immune protection effects of four commercial MD vaccines against SDCW01, CVI988, HVT, CVI988+HVT, and 814 were explored. Unexpectedly, during the 67 days of post-virus challenge, the protection indices (PIs) of these four MD vaccines were only 46.2%, 38.5%, 50%, and 28%, respectively, and the birds that received the monovalent CVI988 or HVT still developed tumors with cumulative incidences of 7.7% and 11.5%, respectively. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of the simultaneous comparison of the immune protection efficacy of multiple commercial MD vaccines with different vaccine strains. Our study revealed that the HV-MDV variants circulating in China could significantly break through the immune protection of the classical MD vaccines currently widely used. For future work, there is an urgent need to develop novel, more effective MD vaccines for tackling the new challenge of emerging HV-MDV strains or variants for the sustainable control of MD.

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