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Integration of LC-MS-Based and GC-MS-Based Metabolic Profiling to Reveal the Effects of Domestication and Boiling on the Composition of Duck Egg Yolks

文献类型： 外文期刊

作者： Tian, Yong 1 ; Li, Guoqin 1 ; Du, Xizhong 3 ; Zeng, Tao 1 ; Chen, Li 1 ; Xu, Wenwu 1 ; Gu, Tiantian 1 ; Tao, Zhengrong 1 ; Lu, Lizhi 1 ;

作者机构： 1.Inst Anim Sci & Vet, Zhejiang Acad Agr Sci, State Key Lab Managing Biot & Chem Threats Qual &, Hangzhou 310021, Peoples R China

2.Minist Agr & Rural Affairs China, Key Lab Livestock & Poultry Resources Poultry Eval, Hangzhou 310021, Peoples R China

3.Jinhua Acad Agr Sci, Inst Anim Husb & Vet Med, Jinhua 321017, Peoples R China

关键词： duck egg yolk; metabolomics; domestication; boiling; lipid metabolism; stress resistance

期刊名称：METABOLITES （ 影响因子：4.1； 五年影响因子：4.5 ）

ISSN：

年卷期： 2023 年 13 卷 1 期

页码：

收录情况： SCI

摘要： Egg yolks contain abundant lipids, proteins, and minerals that provide not only essential nutrients for embryonic development but also cheap sources of nutrients for consumers worldwide. Previous composition analyses of egg yolks primarily focused on nutrients such as lipids and minerals. However, few studies have reported the effects of domestication and heating on yolk composition and characteristics. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of domestication and boiling on the metabolite contents of egg yolks via untargeted metabolomics using GC-MS and LC-MS. In this study, eggs were collected from Fenghua teals, captive mallards, and Shaoxing ducks. Twelve duck eggs (half raw and half cooked) were randomly selected from each variety, and the egg yolks were separated for metabolic profiling. The analysis identified 1205 compounds in the egg yolks. Domestication generated more differential metabolites than boiling, which indicated that the changes in the metabolome of duck egg yolk caused by domestication were greater than those caused by boiling. In a comparative analysis of domestic and mallard ducks, 48 overlapping differential metabolites were discovered. Among them, nine metabolites were upregulated in domesticated ducks, including monoolein, emodin, daidzein, genistein, and glycitein, which may be involved in lipid metabolism; some of them may also act as phytoestrogens (flavonoids). Another 39 metabolites, including imethylethanolamine, harmalan, mannitol, nornicotine, linoleic acid, diphenylamine, proline betaine, alloxanthin, and resolvin d1, were downregulated by domestication and were linked to immunity, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antioxidant properties. Furthermore, four overlapping differential metabolites that included amino acids and dipeptides were discovered in paired comparisons of the raw and boiled samples. Our findings provided new insights into the molecular response of duck domestication and supported the use of metabolomics to examine the impact of boiling on the composition of egg yolks.

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